Authors and Sources


Authors

From Sea to Sea: Territorial Growth to 1900 (Volume II, Plate 21; Concise Plate 10)
NORMAN L. NICHOLSON Deceased
CHARLES F.J. WHEBELL Geography, University of Western Ontario

Territorial Evolution, 1891-1961 (Volume III, Plate 2; Concise Plate 11)
NORMAN L. NICHOLSON Deceased
ROBERT GALOIS Geography, University of British Columbia
MICHAEL STAVELEY Geography, Memorial University of Newfoundland

Before he died in Nov 1984 Norman L. Nicholson had provided us with maps and other research materials along with written advice on how to use them for this plate. During his varied career Professor Nicholson had been successively director of the Geographic Branch in Ottawa and chairman of the Geography Department, assistant dean of the Graduate School, then principal of University College, University of Western Ontario. From 1951 to 1960 he was the first editor of the Canadian Geographer, which he helped to found. An able administrator, he was also a dedicated scholar whose PhD thesis on the boundaries of Canada, its provinces, and territories, later published as Boundaries of the Canadian Confederation (Toronto: Macmillan, 1979), remains one of the definitive statements on that subject.

Sources

Canada in 1900 (Map)

  • The National Atlas of Canada. 4th ed, rev. Ottawa: Department of Energy, Mines and Resources and Information Canada / Toronto: Macmillan, 1974. Pp 85-6
  • The National Atlas of Canada. 5th ed. Ottawa: Department of Energy, Mines and Resources, Geographical Services Directorate, 1982. 'Canada - Territorial Evolution 1867- 1981'
  • Nicholson, Normal L. The Boundaries of Canada, Its Provinces and Territories. Geographical Branch Memoir 2. Ottawa: Queen's Printer, 1964

    • Canada: 1791; 1825; 1849; 1873 (Map)

  • The National Atlas of Canada. 1974. Pp 83-4

    • Alaska Panhandle boundary dispute, 1873-1903 (Map)

  • Nicholson. The Boundaries of Canada. 1964. Pp 38-54
  • Paullin, Charles O. Atlas of the Historical Geography of the United States, ed J. K. Wright. Baltimore: Hoen, 1932. PI 96, map A
  • White, James. 'Boundary Disputes and Treaties.' In Adam Shortt and Arthur G. Doughty, eds. Canada and Its Provinces: A History of the Canadian People and Their Institutions. Toronto: Glasgow, Brook and Co, 1914-17. Vol 8, part 3, map facing p 918

    • San Juan boundary dispute, 1846-1874 (Map)

  • Paullin. Atlas of the Historical Geography of the United States. 1932. PI 96, map C
  • White. 'Boundary Disputes and Treaties.' 1914-17. Vol 8, map facing p 870

    • Oregon Territory boundary dispute, 1820-1848 (Map)

  • Paullin. Atlas of the Historical Geography of the United States. 1932. PI 93, map C
  • White. 'Boundary Disputes and Treaties.' 1914-17. Vol 8, pp 839-71

    • Lake Superior boundary dispute, 1826-1842 (Map)

  • Ontario. Northwestern Ontario: Its Boundaries, Resources and Communications. Toronto: Hunter, Rose, 1879
  • Paullin. Atlas of the Historical Geography of the United States. 1932. Pl 91, map B
  • White. 'Boundary Disputes and Treaties.' 1914-17. Vol 8, map facing p 894

    • Maine boundary dispute, 1798-1842 (Map)

  • Paullin. Atlas of the Historical Geography of the United States. 1932. Pl 91, maps A, C; pl 93, map D
  • White. 'Boundary Disputes and Treaties.' 1914-17. Vol 8, map facing p 782

    • Quebec-New Brunswick boundary dispute, 1798-1851 (Map)

  • Ganong, W.G. 'A Monograph of the Evolution of the Boundaries of New Brunswick.' Proceedings and Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada. 2nd series, vol 7, section 2 (1901): 139-449

    • Two views of land in British Columbia (Map)

    The map of the Gitskan and Wet'suwet'en territories was compiled under the authority of the hereditary chiefs. Many thanks are due to the Tribal Council for providing the map and refining the text, and to Richard Overstall for providing liaison during this process.
  • British Columbia. Department of Lands. Pre-Emptor's Map. 'Bulkley Sheet,’ 192.

    • Regional share of territory: 1891; 1949 (Graph)

    Land area indicated as 1949 uses 1951 data; 1951 was the first time Newfoundland was included.
  • Canada Year Book. 1892: p 115. 1952: p 129

    • Canada, 1891-1961 (Map)

  • The National Atlas of Canada. 5th ed, rev. Ottawa: Energy, Mines and Resources Canada, 1985. Pl 13.5

    • Proposals for the Prairie Provinces, 1905 (Static Map)

  • Nicholson, Norman L. The Boundaries of Canada, Its Provinces and Territories. Ottawa: Queen's Printer, 1954- Pp 129-38

    • Newfoundland joins Confederation (Map and Graph)

  • The Newfoundland Gazette. Aug 1948

    Additional sources for online maps


    Boundary Changes, 1670-2001 (Map)

  • The Historical Atlas of the United States. United States: National Geographic Society / Washington DC, 1988.