Authors and Sources


Authors

Native Reserves of Eastern Canada to 1900 (Volume 2, Plate 32, Concise Plate N/A)
Native Reserves: Names and Descriptions (Volume 2, Plate 33, Concise Plate N/A)
Native Reserves of Western Canada to 1900 (Volume 2, Plate 34, Concise Plate N/A)
PIERRETTE DÉSY Histoire, Université du Québec à Montréal
FRÉDÉRIC CASTEL Géographie, Université du Québec à Montréal

Sources

Native Reserves of Eastern Canada to 1900 (eastern half of Native Reserves, 1902) (Map)
Native Reserves - The East, 1902 (Table)


We wish to thank Darryl Stonefish, Delaware Nation Council, Stephen J. Augustine, Big Cove Band Council, and Réjean O'Bomsawin, Conseil de bande d'Odanak, for their help. The assistance of Ronald H. Walder is gratefully acknowledged.

  • Aborigines Protection Society. 'Report on the Indians of Upper Canada, by a Sub-Committee of Aborigines Protection Society.' London, 1839
  • Beaulieu, Jacqueline. Localization of the Aboriginal Natives in Québec: Land Transactions. Québec: Ministère de l'énergie et des ressources, 1986
  • Brody, Hugh. Maps and Dreams. Boston: Faber and Faber, 1981 / Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1983
  • Brown, C., and R. MacGuire. Indian Treaties in Historical Perspective / Historique des traités avec les Indiens. Ottawa: Department of Indian and Northern Affairs, 1973
  • Canada. Department of Energy, Mines and Resources. Indian and Inuit Communities and Languages. Ottawa, 1980
  • Canada. Department of Indian and Northern Affairs. Indian Treaties, Revised Map, October 1977. Ottawa, 1977
  • Canada. Department of Indian Affairs. Map of the Dominion of Canada Showing Indian Reserves. By W.A. Austin. Ottawa, 1891
  • Canada, Province of. Journals of the Legislative Assembly. 1844-5. App EEE, part 1. Report on the Affairs of the Indians of Canada
  • Clifton, James A. A Place of Refuge for All Time: Migration of the American Potawatomi into Upper Canada 1830 to 1850. Ottawa: National Museums of Canada, 1975
  • Daniel, Richard C. History of Native Claims Processes in Canada: 1967-1979. Ottawa: Department of Indian and Northern Affairs, 1981
  • Daugherty, W.E. Maritime Indian Treaties in Historical Perspective. Ottawa: Department of Indian and Northern Affairs, 1983
  • Francis, Daniel. A History of the Native Peoples of Québec, 1760-1867. Ottawa: Department of Indian and Northern Affairs, 1983
  • Fumoleau, René. As Long as This Land Shall Last: A History of Treaty 8 and Treaty 11 1870-1939. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1973
  • Gentilcore, R. Louis, and C. Grant Head, eds. Ontario's History in Maps. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1984 Henderson, William B. Canada's Indian Reserves: Pre-Confederation. Ottawa: Department of Indian and Northern Affairs, 1980
  • Hickerson, Harold. The Chippewa and Their Neighbors: A Study in Ethnohistory. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1970
  • Hodge, F.W., ed. Handbook of Indians of Canada. Ottawa: King's Printer, 1913
  • Howley, James P., ed. The Beothucks or Red Indians, the Aboriginal Inhabitants of Newfoundland. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1915. Repr Toronto: Coles Facsimile Edition, 1974
  • LaForest, Marie W. 'Indian Land Administration and Policy in the Maritime Provinces (Nova Scotia and New Brunswick) to 1867.' Office of Native Claims. Ottawa, 1978. Unpublished ms
  • Leighton, Douglas. 'The Manitoulin Incident of 1863: An Indian-White Confrontation in the Province of Canada.' Ontario History 57 (1975): 113-24
  • McGee, H.F. The Native Peoples of Atlantic Canada: A History of Ethnic Interaction. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1974
  • McMillan, Alan D. Native Peoples and Cultures of Canada. An Anthropological Overview. Vancouver: Douglas and Mclntyre, 1988
  • Miller, James R. Skyscrapers Hide the Heavens: A History of Indian- White Relations in Canada. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1989
  • Morrison, R. Bruce, and C. Roderick Wilson, eds. Native Peoples: The Canadian Experience. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1986
  • Patterson, E. Palmer. The Canadian Indian: A History since 1500. Toronto: Collier Macmillan. 1972
  • Savard, Rémi, and Jean-René Proulx. Canada derrière l'épopée: les autochtones. Montréal: L'hexagone, 1982
  • Schmalz, Peter S. The Ojibwa of Southern Ontario. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1991
  • Stagg, Jack, and Maura Giuliani. 'Anglo-Indian Relations in North America to 1763 and an Analysis of the Royal Proclamation of 7 October 1763.' Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development, Ottawa. 1981. Unpublished ms
  • Surtees, Robert J. 'Indian Reserve Policy in Upper Canada, 1830-1845.' MA thesis, Carleton University, 1966
  • Thomson, Don W. 'Early Surveys of Indian Reserves.' In Men and Meridians. Vol 2; 1867-1917. Ottawa: Queen's Printer, 1967. Pp 277-86
  • Upton, Leslie ES. Micmacs and Colonists: Indian-White Relations in the Maritimes, 1713- 1867. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, 1979
  • Weslager, Clinton A. The Delaware Indians ' Westward Migration. Wallingford, Penn:Middle Atlantic Press, 1978


    • Native Reserves of Western Canada to 1900 (western half of Native Reserves, 1900) (Map)
    Native Reserves - The Prairies, 1902 (Table)
    Native Reserves - British Columbia, 1902 (Table)


    We wish to acknowledge with thanks the assistance of Helen McNab, Gordon Band Office, and of Ronald H. Walder.
    Except for lands conceded to the Manitoba Métis (Métis Children's Land Grant), all the areas shown on this plate are reserves.
    The bibliography that follows lists sources for the native reserves of western Canada on which this plate has drawn. The principal source has been the Schedule of Indian Reserves in the Dominion (1902), to which we have added the reserves that disappeared or were annulled before the end of the century. These were identified from earlier lists of reserves, in particular the Schedule Describing Various Indian Reserves in Manitoba, Keewatin and the North West Territories (1877), as well as maps of the period.
    For cartographic sources we consulted the collection of the NAC, Cartographic and Architectural Sector; the work of Nelson (1889); and the Report of the Royal Commission on Indian Affairs for British Columbia (1916).
    The boundaries of the numbered treaties are taken from the revised map of Indian Treaties (1977).

  • Canada. Indian Treaties: Revised Map, October 1977. Ottawa: Department of Indian and Northern Affairs, 1977
  • Canada. Report of the Royal Commission on Indian Affairs for the Province of British Columbia. 4 vols. Ottawa, 1916
  • Canada. Schedule Describing Various Indian Reserves in Manitoba, Keewatin and the North West Territories. Ottawa: Department of the Interior, 1877
  • Canada Department of Indian Affairs. Schedule of Indian Reserves in the Dominion. Ottawa, 1902
  • Crowe, Keith J. A History of the Original Peoples of Northern Canada. Montréal and Kingston: McGill-Queen's University Press, 1991
  • Daugherty, Wayne E. Treaty Research Report: Treaty One and Treaty Two. Ottawa: Department of Indian and Northern Affairs, 1983
  • Drucker, Philip. Culture of the North Pacific Coast. San Francisco: Chandler, 1965
  • Flanagan, Thomas. Métis Lands in Manitoba. Calgary: University of Calgary Press, 1991
  • Madill, D. B.C. Indian Treaties in Historical Perspective. Ottawa: Department of Indian and Northern Affairs, 1981
  • Madill, D. B.C. Select Annotated Bibliography on Métis History and Claims / Bibliographie annotée choisie sur l'histoire des revendications des Métis. Ottawa: Department of Indian and Northern Affairs, 1983
  • Madill, D. B.C. Treaty Research Report: Treaty Eight. Ottawa: Department of Indian and Northern Affairs, 1987
  • McFeat, Tom, ed. Indians of the North Pacific Coast: Studies in Selected Topics. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1966
  • McQuillan, D. Aidan. 'Creation of Indian Reserves on the Canadian Prairies 1870-1885.' Geographical Review 70, no. 4 (1980): 380-95
  • Nelson, John C. Descriptions and Plans of Certain Indian Reserves in Manitoba, Keewatin and the North-West Territories. Ottawa: Department of Indian Affairs, 1889
  • Price, Richard, ed. The Spirit of the Alberta Indian Treaties. Montréal: Institut de recherches politiques, 1980
  • Sealy, Bruce D. Statutory Lands Rights of Manitoba Métis. Winnipeg: Manitoba Métis Federation Press, nd
  • Taylor, John Leonard. Treaty Research Report: Treaty Six. Ottawa: Department of Indian and Northern Affaire, 1987
  • Thomson, Don W. 'Early Surveys of Indian Reserves.' In Men and Meridians. Vol 2: 1867-1917. Ottawa: Queen's Printer, 1967. Pp 277-86

    • Native population, 1901 (Static Map)

  • Canada. Census. 1901. Vol 1

    • Government Sales of Surrendered Native Reserve Lands in Eastern Canada: 1868-1900 (Graph)

  • Canada. Sessional Papers. 1868-1902. Department of Interior and Department of Indian Affairs. Annual Reports

    • Further Reading

  • Charbonneau, Hubert. 'Trois siècles de dépopulation amérindienne.' In Louise Normandeau and Victor Piché, eds. Les populations amérindiennes et inuit du Canada: aperçu démographique. Montréal: Les Presses de l'Université de Montréal, 1984. Pp 28-48
  • Lefroy, Captain J.H. 'On the Probable Number of the Native Indian Population of British America.' In Proceedings of the Canadian Institute. Toronto: Hugh Scobie, nd
  • Leslie, John. Commissions of lnquiry into Indian Affairs in the Canadas, 1828-1858. Ottawa: Department of Indian and Northern Affairs, 1985
  • Miller, Virginia. 'The Decline of the Nova Scotia Micmac Population.' In P. Désy and J. Frideres, eds. Canada / Nations amérindiennes au Canada. Montréal: Culture, 1983. Pp 107-20
  • Morrison, William R. A Survey of the History and Claims of the Native Peoples of Northern Canada. Ottawa: Department of Indian and Northern Affairs, 1984
  • Piché, Victor. 'Estimation de la natalité des Indiens du Canada.' Université d'Ottawa, 1975. Unpublished ms
  • Piché, Victor, and Louise Normandeau. 'Grandeur et misère de la démographie: le cas des autochtones.' In Normandeau and Piché, eds. Les populations amérindiennes et inuit du Canada. 1984. Pp 16-27
  • Urquhart, M.C., and K.A.H. Buckley, eds. Historical Statistics of Canada. Toronto: Macmillan, 1965. Series A75-113